What is nutrition’s role in cancer management. Polyphenolic compounds in plants, such as flavonoids, tannins, curcumin, resveratrol, and gallocatechin, possess anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol, for instance, is found in peanuts, grapes, red wine, apples, and gallocatechin in green tea.
Plant polyphenols are being extensively studied due to their potent antioxidant properties and ability to prevent the oxidative stress associated with diseases such as cancer. Dai, J & Mumper R J (2010)
Phenolic antioxidants isolated from plants and plant-derived foods, as well as commercially available and synthetic ones, have been studied, and their anticancer activity has been described and summarized. (Rice-Evans, C et al., 1997; Roleira, F M et al., 2015)
Nutrition’s Role in Cancer Management- Flavonoids
Fruits, vegetables, soybeans, colored flowers, and plant-derived beverages, such as green tea, wine, and cocoa-based products, are the primary sources of flavonoids. These compounds exhibit antioxidant and anticancer properties. (Kopustinskiene, D M et al, 2020) Compelling data from laboratory studies and human clinical trials have shown that flavonoids have important effects on cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. (Ren, W et al., 2003)
Flavonoid preparations are marketed as herbal medicines or dietary supplements. These induce tumor cell death. These are considered safe. (Galati, G et al., 2004) A review of the anti-cancer properties of flavonoids in the treatment of mammary and prostate cancer has shown that these compounds play a crucial role in cancer prevention. (Chahar, M K et al., 2011)
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids from Citrus plants have shown the anticancer properties of these compounds. (Benavente-Garcia, O et al., et al 2008). These compounds have been shown to interfere with cancer initiation, promotion, and progression. (Ravishankar, D. et al., 2013)
Nutrition’s Role in Cancer Management - Resveratrol
Resveratrol is a phytonutrient found in plants and fruits like grapes, peanuts, blueberries, cocoa, and dark chocolate. It is also found in supplements. The compound exhibits several physiological activities in experimental, animal, and human trials, including anticancer and anti-inflammatory. Resveratrol did not produce adverse effects even when consumed in high concentrations. (Udenigwe, C C et al., 2008). The compound is a promising anti-cancer agent and is relevant in cancer prevention and treatment. (Varoni, E M et al., 2016)
Grapes are a prominent source of resveratrol. Red grapes exhibit both chemopreventive and healing effects in reducing various human cancers, including breast, cervical, uterine, blood, kidney, liver, eye, bladder, thyroid, esophageal, prostate, brain, lung, skin, colon, head and neck, bone, ovarian, and cervical cancers. (Rauf, A eta l., 2018).
Several analogs of the compound have been developed with enhanced anti-cancer activity, improved bioavailability, and effective therapeutic action. (Ko, J H et al., 2017) This compound blocks the emergence, development, and progression of cancer. (Agarwal B B et al., 2004)
Nutrition’s Role in Cancer Management - Gallocatechin
Gallocatechin is a type of tannin found in tea and other fruits and vegetables. Green tea is a popular drink worldwide. The polyphenol compounds from green tea possess anticancer activities. The gallic acid group significantly enhances catechin’s anticancer potential. The property could be utilized to develop novel synthetic anticancer agents. (Du, G J et al., 2012)
Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is among the most effective chemopreventive and anticancer agents. (Azam S et al., 2012)
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